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25 excerpts from India's Greatest Speeches
A few days back, on 2nd October, we celebrated Mahatma Gandhiji’s 151st birth anniversary. A few days from now falls the death anniversary of India's only woman, Indira Gandhi. So October is a historical month for India, so I decided to write about India's most historical speeches for this October post.
I present to you a summary of the book India’s Greatest Speeches by presenting 25 excerpts from the most memorable speeches of most prominent Indian personalities, aka torchbearers from the fields of politics, sports, corporate sector, Bollywood, and Arts. Needless to say I loved the book and rate it 5 stars out of 5.
All the speeches are chronologically ordered, starting from 1893 to 2014, in very recent times. The saying, Old is gold holds to these greatest public speeches, and they remain relevant even today in the 21st century. These speeches' beauty is that other than being spoken by remarkable personalities, they mark historical moments; Moments that changed India, moments that make us proud to be an Indian.
Each of these persuasive agendas has a unique voice, a unique topic, and a unique message. What is common to all of them is the patriotic brilliance each of them portrays. Each of the speakers has a love for their motherland that shines through and dazzles the readers. These oratory wonders are set to inspire and stir. Some of them are victory speeches, some farewell, some leadership speeches, some are like memoirs, some are motivational and inspirational, but all of them are good speeches.
1. Swami Vivekananda - 1893 – The Chicago Address – Opening Day
In this best-known speech given on September 11, Swami Vivekananda represented Hinduism and India. The start of his speech “Sisters and Brothers of America” was received in a two-minute standing ovation by the several thousand audiences.
I am proud to belong to a religion which taught the world both tolerance and universal acceptance. We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept all religions as true. I am proud to belong to a nation which has sheltered the persecuted and the refugees of all religions and all nations of the earth.
2. Mahatma Gandhi – 1912 – Banaras Hindu University Speech
The Father of the Nation isn’t unknown to anyone, neither in India nor abroad. Such was his influence and reach that some addressed him as the one-man-army during India’s freedom struggle. In this speech, Gandhiji addresses the young college students and talks about language as a reflection of self and appeals to the students to accept Hindia gracefully rather than mastering a foreign language. Annie Besant was also present on the stage.
Every Indian youth, because he reached his knowledge through the English language, lost at least six precious years of life. Multiply that by the numbers of students turned out by our schools and colleges, and find out for yourselves how many thousand years have been lost to the nation. The charge against us is that we have no initiative. How can we have any, if we are to devote the precious years of our life to the mastery of a foreign tongue?
3. Mahatma Gandhi – 1922 – The Great Trial of 1922
Mahatma Gandhi always valued and promoted non-violence in India's freedom struggle against the British. This particular speech demonstrates the win of faith over brute force and marks a defining moment in India’s fight to freedom.
I wanted to avoid violence. Non-violence is the first article of my faith. It is also the last article of my creed. But I had to make my choice. I had either to submit to a system which I considered had done an irreparable harm to my country, or incur the risk of the mad fury of my people bursting forth when they understood the truth from my lips.
4. Shaheed Bhagat Singh – 1930 – Statement before the Lahore Court Bench
The name prompts the slogan Inquilab Zindabad (Long Live Revolution) in our minds. Accused in the Lahore conspiracy case, Bhagat Singh attempts to explain the aim and spirit behind his team’s actions through this speech. But at the age of twenty-three, he was convicted and subsequently executed on 23 March 1931.
The point is very important in this case. The point is as to what were our intentions sand to what extent we are guilty. This is a very complicated question and no one will be able to express before you that height to mental elevation which inspired us to think and act in a particular manner. We want that this should be kept in mind while assessing our intentions our offence. According to the famous jurist Solomon, one should not be punished for his criminal offence if his aim is not against law.
5. V.D. Savarkar – 1937 – Presidential Address – Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha
Known as the man who survived the brutal “Kala Pani” imprisonment in the central jail in Port Blair, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, talks about Hinduism, its definition, what it stands for, its elements, and the movement of the Hindu Mahasabha aimed at national unity.
Hindusthan is a Fatherland and Holyland to us not because it is a land entirely unlike any other land in the world but because it is associated with our history, has been the home of our forefathers, wherein our mothers gave us the first suckle at their breast. Our fathers cradled us on their knees from generation to generation.
6. Rabindranath Tagore – 1941 – Civilization’s Crisis, The Last Testament of Tagore
A noted scholar, Tagore won the Nobel Peace Prize for Literature in 1913. He changed the face of Bengali literature and music. In this reflective and influential speech, he expresses disappointment and dismay over the state of affairs around him.
As I look back on the vast stretch of years that lie behind me and see in clear perspective the history of my early development, I am struck by the change that has taken place both in my own attitude and in the psychology of my countrymen -- a change that carries within it a cause of profound tragedy.
7. Subhas Chandra Bose – 1944 – Give Me Blood and I Promise You Freedom
President of the Indian National Congress from 1937 to 1940, Subhas Chandra Bose was an extremist. These values of using force against the British disagreed with Mahatama Gandhiji and eventually led to a split in the Congress. His death in a plane crash over Japan in 1945 was controversial as his body was never recovered.
We should have but one desire today- the desire to die so that India may live- the desire to face a martyr’s death, so that the path to freedom may be paved with the martyr’s blood. Friends! my comrades in the War of Liberation! Today I demand you one thing, above all. I demand of you blood. It is blood alone that can avenge the blood that the enemy has spilt. It is blood alone that can pay the price of freedom. Give me blood and I promise you freedom.
8. Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan – 1947 – Speech as First Vice-President of Independent India
We cannot celebrate 5th September – Teacher’s day, without fondly remembering this man. His birthday and his belief that teachers are the best minds in the country that we celebrate on this day.
Passion and wisdom never go together.
A free India will be judged by the way in which it will serve the interest of the common man in the matter of food, clothing, shelter and the social services.
Concord is the only way by which we can get rid of differences.
9. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru – 1947 – Tryst with Destiny
Tryst with Destiny, one of the greatest speeches of all times, was delivered by Nehruji on the eve of India’s Independence, at the stroke of midnight as Independent India's first Prime Minister in New Delhi.
The appointed day has come - the day appointed by destiny - and India stands forth again after long slumber and struggle, awake, vital, free, and independent. The past clings on to us still in some measure, and we have to do much before we redeem the pledges we have so often taken. Yet the turning point is past, and history begins anew for us, the history which we shall live and act and others will write about.
10. Sardar Vallabhai Patel – 1949 – Calcutta Maidan
The “Iron Man of India” was one of the Republic of India's founding fathers. He speaks about Kashmir, Junagadh, Pakistan, and the partition.
But let me be clear on one point. We aren’t going to give up Kashmir. Not now. Not ever.
What I don’t understand, is how can their minds change overnight and their loyalties altered? Now that they declare loyalty to us, and question us on our suspicions of Muslims, we say why question us? You should look within yourself and ask the same question.
Let Pakistan develop; let it become good as heaven. Make it strong and robust. We as neighboirs stand to benefit from it.
I want to emphasize this gain and again that neither do we have animosity towards them, nor do we want to build it. They should live and let live. Let us be.
11. Pandit Deendayal Updhyay – 1965 – Lecture on Integral Humanism
One of the most influential leaders of the Bharatiya Janata Sangh, the present-day Bharatiya Janata Party, Pandit Deendayal Upadhaya, was known to have the highest personal standards integrity. He coined the concept of Integral Humanism and economic model with human beings as the center.
So long as the country was under the yoke of the British rule, all the movements and policies in the country had one principal ‘aim to drive out the foreign rulers and to achieve independence’. But what would be the face of the new Bharat after independence? In which direction were we to advance?
If we stop to analyze the reasons for the problems facing the country we will find that the confusion about our goal and the direction is mainly responsible for the chaos.
12. Mother Teresa – 1979 – Novel Peace Prize Acceptance
Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979, Mother Teresa, in her acceptance speech, speaks of love as a great power, and how it is what everyone, especially the poor, needs. She has dedicated her life to the sick, the hungry, and the poor.
Lord, make me a channel of your peace, that where there is hatred, I may bring love; that where there is wrong, I may bring the spirit of forgiveness; that where there is discord, I may bring harmony; that where there is error, I may bring truth; that where there is doubt, I may bring faith; that where there is despair, I may bring hope; that where there are shadows, I may bring light; that where there is sadness, I may bring joy.
13. JRD Tata – 1982 – Historic Flight Re-enactment
JRD Tata was the chairman of India’s most prominent corporate conglomerate, the Tata Sons, which grew from 14 enterprises to 95 businesses under his leadership ability. The receiver of Bharat Ratna in 1922, in this powerful speech, he addresses the youth and appeals to them to have a spirit of adventure and enthusiasm.
When you talk to young people today, their main worry is to get a job. I don’t blame them. Its is a real worry. But also, there seems no longer to be a feeling that we can do thaings as well or better than others or even things that others haven’t done. So I thought that, perhaps, this flight would rekindle a spark of enthusiasm, a desire to do something for the country and its good name, an that it would show that even in these days, when aviation is no longer an adventure but only big business, the times for pioneering are not gone.
14. Indira Gandhi - 1984 – Her Last Speech
The iron lady of India and India's fourth PM was assassinated a day after delivering this speech by her bodyguards. The speech has an eerie resonation, for it seems that she knowingly or unknowingly prophesized her death in the speech.
No outsider will take care of our interest or think about us. We have to look after ourselves. This is not exclusively my responsibility. I am here today; I may not be here tomorrow. But the responsibility to look after national interest is on the shoulder of every citizen of India.
15. Atal Bihari Vajpayee – 2001 – United Nations General Assembly Speech
This speech of India's most respected PM from 1998 to 2004 was given in the background of the historic and terrifying 9/11 attacks in New York and Washington DC.
This session of the General Assembly is being held in the shadow of the barbaric terrorist acts of September 11, which dramatically reminded us that neither distance nor power insulates a State from terrorism.
The two crucial elements in this would be strict curbs on sources of financing for terrorists and denying them safe havens for training, arming and operation.
Mr. President, nearly six thousand lives were lost on September 11. But the global economic downturn in its aftermath will take a far larger human toll, mainly in the developing world. The World Bank has estimated that tens of thousands more children will die worldwide and some ten million more people are likely to go below the poverty line of 1 dollar a day. It is pertinent to reflect on these chilling statistics even as the Ministerial Conference gets under way in Doha to consider WTO issues.
16. Narayan Murthy – 2007 – Pre-commencement Address at New York University
Described as the Father of the Indian IT, in this speech Narayan Murthy emphasizes the importance of chance events, crisis situations, and facing failures to pave the way to shaping one’s life.
I would like first to share some of these key life events with you, in the hope that these may help you understand my struggles and how chance events and unplanned encounters with influential persons shaped my life and career.
Valuable advice can sometimes come from an unexpected source, and chance events can sometimes open new doors.
Life Lessons:
It is less important, I believe, where you start. It is more important how and what you learn.
It is this very quality of how we respond systematically to chance events that is crucial.
The latter view, a growth mindset, leads to a tendency to embrace
challenges, to learn from criticism and such people reach ever higher levels of achievement.
I believe this greater awareness and knowledge of oneself is what ultimately helps develop a more grounded belief in oneself, courage, determination, and, above all, humility, all qualities which enable one to wear one’s success with dignity and grace.
The best use of all your wealth is to share it with those less fortunate.
17. Vishwanathan Anand – 2007 - Speech at NIIT, Chennai
India’s first grandmaster was World Chess Champion five times and the recipient of the Padma Vibhushan. This simple speech gives us a perspective into the game of chess and provides valuable suggestions of improving to anyone in any field.
Soon after winning the most exalted title a sportsperson can aspire to, World Champion, came the vacuum. What was the next big thing?
It is extremely difficult to change a wiining formula, but one has to experiment even when you succeed. Defeat gives you the courage to experiment. Success can never motivate you the same way.
18. AR Rahman – 2009 – Oscar Awards Acceptance
Probably the shortest speech in the history of the Oscars, the Mozart of Madras, and the man who redefined contemporary Indian music after winning a historic award had nothing more to say than thank his mother and thank the Almighty God.
This shows that even the greatest can be the humblest, most straightforward people at the peak of their very best.
19. APJ Abdul Kalam – 2011 – Vision for India
Former President of India, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, has authored several inspirational books – Wings of Fire, Ignited Minds and India 2020. Awarded the Bharat Ratna, he was titled the people’s president due to his distinctive working style and fondness for children. Here he speaks about the wonder that India is and compels us to see it through his eyes.
Why is the media here so negative? Why are we in India so embarrassed to recognize our own strengths, our achievements? We are such a great nation. We have so many amazing success stories but we refuse to acknowledge them. Why? We are the first in milk production.We are number one in Remote sensing satellites. We are the second largest producer of wheat. We are the second largest producer of rice. Look at Dr. Sudarshan; he has transferred the tribal village into a self-sustaining, self-driving unit. There are millions of such achievements but our media is only obsessed in the bad news and failures and disasters.
YOU say that our government is inefficient. YOU say that our laws are too old. YOU say, say and say. What do YOU do about it?
20. Abhinav Bindra – 2013 – GoSPorts Foundation Conclave
Known for his sharpshooting bull’s eye skills, Abhinav Bindra shares the secret of his focus in this speech. He was awarded the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna in 2001 and the Arjuna award in 2000 at 17.
So how does a boy who is neither talented nor athletic become both World and Olympic champion? The answer is a four-letter word; in fact, it is two four-letter words: HARD WORK.
I was tenacious. I hung on despite disappointments.
I was stubborn as a mule. I refused to give up.
I believed in myself. And when my belief in myself faltered, I had the sense to listen to my team – my family and coaches – who believed in me for me.
When people ask me what helped me win gold, this is what I say to them. “I slogged my guts out – I did it without compromise, when there was no one to see, no one to be impressed. I did it when I did not feel like it. And the reason I did it is: my desire to win was, and is, much greater, than my desire to make excuses or find reasons not to win.
21. Shahrukh Khan – 2013 – Courage in Success
Unless you are living under a rock, you cannot not be familiar with the King Khan, the Badshah of Bollywood. Along with being an actor he is also a successful entrepreneur and philanthropist. Known for his witty humor, Shahrukh Khan delivers his childhood and career in heartfelt and touching episodes in this speech.
Being successful does not mean my children will also be so, however much I teach them what all did in my life, and they follow it to the letter. Success just happens, really.
Poverty entails fear and stress and sometimes, depression. It wasn’t out of any creative desire that I signed my films – it was just purely out of the fear of failure and poverty.
Success is never final, just like failure is never fatal. Courage is ill-defined if you think it means doing something macho, risky or chancy. If that happens at somebody else’s cost, it’s even less courageous. Courage is doing whatever you are afraid to do – personally scared to do – in whichever capacity you work. There can be no courage unless you are scared. So be scared to feel courage, be fearful.
22. Sachin Tendulkar – 2013 – A Farewell to Cricket
Master Blaster, Sachin Tendulkar, is a household name in India. Kids from the age of 6 aspire to be like this man. He inspires millions in every generation. In his retirement speech from cricket, he recounts his journey with a quiver in his voice and tears blurring his vision.
I know I have met so many guys who have fasted for me, prayed for me, done so much for me. Without that life wouldn’t have been like this for me. I want to thank you from the bottom of my heart, and also say that time has flown by rather quickly, but the memories you have left with me will always be with me forever and ever.
23. Azim Premji – 2013 – Lifetime Achievement Award Acceptance, Economic Times Awards.
Business tycoon, Azim Premji is the chairman of Wipro Limited, a giant in the Indian software industry. Through his humble words in this speech he projects genuine empathy for human beings and guides starting out on the way to Philanthropy.
I share some thoughts on Philanthropy on this occasion. First, involving your family early on in Philanthropy is very important. Their understanding, endorsement, and involvement may eventually be the most determining factor. Second, the key to scaling up Philanthropy and doing good work is getting good people in the team. Third, philanthropic work needs patience, tenacity, and empathy.
We must do Philanthropy because it is the Right thing to do.
I also believe that every one of us has the basic empathy with the people around us; we just need to let it find expression.
24. Narendra Modi – 2014 – Speech at FICCI – before becoming the PM of India
This speech by Modiji was delivered when he was serving as the Chief Minister of Gujarat in the presence of stalwarts from various industries. In this speech, he clearly and confidently expresses his views without ever shying away from criticizing some of the then Government’s ways.
It takes one positive result to reverse the direction of the flow of faith in the nation.
I say, we have demographic division and I believe, that 21st century is the century for Asia with India and China leading. India has two powers of which one is its demographic division and the other being division of democracy.
My best wishes to you that you come to such a land in whose blood there is money, entrepreneurship, courage and power. You also take some of that power and come forward to change the destiny of the country.
25. Narendra Modi – 2014 – Independence Day Speech – After becoming the 15th PM of India
After a historic win in the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, Prime Minister Narendra Modi delivered this speech from the Red Fort in Delhi. His speech impacts the audience because of his achievable suggestions and concrete solutions. Modiji ideally represents a leader who took over the responsibility of a great nation desperately looking for good leadership.
In order to fulfill the aspirations of the masses, we have to sharpen the tool called “government machinery”, we have to make it keen and it is in this direction that we are working.
Brothers and sisters, development and good governance are the only two tracks to take the country forward. Imagine of 125 crore countrymen move one step forward, then the country moves 125 crore steps forward.
Tourism provides employment to the poorest of the poor. But there is a big obstacle in promoting tourism and in our national character, and that is – the filthiness all around us.
I thank Nitin Agarwal for creating this gem of a compilation. All the references for the speeches have been mentioned at the end of the book. What I loved best about this book is the unique voice Nitin has rendered before each of the addresses telling us the significance of the speech, introducing us to the speaker, and expressing what he found most endearing about the particular elocution. In the beginning of the book, he has also added a summary of the Bhagavad Gita, the most revered religious book in Hinduism.
Please don’t wait to read them any further; get this book an Amazon.
I recommend every Indian to read this book and introspect on our history, our heritage.
I also recommend this book to Non-Indians interested in India and those looking for valuable insights and inspirations.
Happy Reading!
Bharat Mata Ki Jai, Jai Hindi, Vande Mataram.
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